SECOND YEAR MBBS – Session 2021

Tentative date for session commencement; Last week of March, 2021

Total working weeks : 36 weeks

2nd Professional MBBS exam subjects

• Anatomy
• Physiology
• Biochemistry

Subject: Physiology

Total number of lectures= 144

Tentative date of course completion: December 15, 2021

Unit	Total lectures	Tutor name
Sensory Physiology	15	Dr. Shagufta, Dr. Huma
Motor & integrative Physiology	25	Dr. Mudassar Roomi, Dr. Huma
Physiology of special senses	20	Dr. Mudassar Roomi, Dr. Shagufta
Endocrine Physiology	22	Dr. Mudassar Roomi, Dr. Shagufta, Dr. Huma
Renal Physiology	28	Dr. Shagufta, Dr. Mudassar Roomi, Dr. Huma
GIT Physiology	20	Dr. Shagufta, Dr. Mudassar Roomi, Dr. Huma
Reproduction Physiology	15	Dr. Huma, Dr. Shagufta

Subject: Anatomy & Histology

Total number of weeks = 36(working)

Total hours========== 272 hours (8 lectures/week)

Tentative date for commencement   :

Tentative date of course completion:

Unit	Total lectures 272	Tutor name
Special Embryology	50	Prof. Dr. Irfan Qadir
Special Histology	46	Prof. Dr. Mamoona Naheed
Neuroanatomy	20+20	Prof. Mian Azhar & Dr Nadia Majeed
Gross anatomy– Head & Neck	25+25	Prof. Mian Azhar & Dr Nadia Majeed
Gross anatomy– Abdomen & Pelvis	28+28	Prof. Mian Azhar&Dr. Nadia Majeed
Gross anatomy–Brain	15+15	Prof. Mian Azhar &Dr. Nadia Majeed

Subject: Biochemistry

Total number of lectures=

Tentative date of course completion: December 15, 2021

Unit	Total lectures	Tutor name
1.Bioenergetics	6	Dr.Talmeez, Dr.Saleem
2. GIT	6	Dr.Shamim
3. Carbohydrate Metabolism	20	Dr.Saleem
4.Lipid Metabolism	16	Dr.Saleem,Dr.Talmeez
5.Protein Metabolism	16	Dr.Saleem, Dr.Shamim
6.Nucleotide Metabolism	6	Dr.Talmeez
7.Molecular Biology	16	Dr.Talmeez, Dr.Saleem, Dr.Shamim
8.Endocrinology	12	Dr.Saleem, Dr.Shamim & Dr.Talmeez.
9.Xenobiotics	4	Dr.Shamim
10.Integration of Metabolism Feed Fast cycle	4	Dr.Saleem

SR.NO

Physiology

Anatomy

Biochemistry

		Special Embryology	Special Histology	Neuroanatomy	Gross Anatomy
WEEK 1	Introduction to CNS, Classification of receptors, Introduction to endocrine Physiology	1.Development of H&N 2. Development of Pharyngeal arches	Endocrine system -Pituitary gland I	Introduction to NS	Introduction  Head & Neck Skull: Norma Frontalis Norma Verticalis & Occipitalis Norma Lateralis	Outline of ETC and metabolisms ETC components & its organization. Inhibitors
WEEK 2	Nerve fibres, synapses, Hormones of pituitary gland	Development of Pharyngeal pouches and clefts	Endocrine system 1.Pituitary gland II 2.Thyroid and parathyroid	Receptors	Norma basalis & cranial fossae Scalp: layers, blood supply, nerve supply & clinical aspects	Chemiosmotic hypothesis of oxidative phosphorylation Oxidative phosphorylation. ATP synthesis in ETC, inhibitors and uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation
WEEK 3	Neurotransmitters, Somatic sensations, Disease related to growth hormone	1.Clinicals of pharyngeal apparatus 2. Development of thyroid gland	Adrenal gland	Synapses and neurotransmitters	Orbit: boundaries& contents Maxilla Mandible Face: Muscles	Composition, secretion & regulation of GIT Juices Digestion of CHO Lipids ,Proteins & Nucleic acids
WEEK 4	Ascending spinal pathways, Thyroid hormones: synthesis & actions	Development of tongue	1.Endocrine part of pancreas 2.GIT -Salivary glands -Parotid gland	Spinal Cord I Gross features	Face: Blood supply Face: Venous drainage Face: lymphatic drainage Face: Cutaneous innervation of face	Absorption of CHO Lipids & Proteins , disorders of GIT, Peptic ulcers , Lactose intolerance etc GIT Hormone. site of synthesis and their  site of action. CCK etc
WEEK 5	Sensory cortex, Abnormalities of thyroid function	1.Development of face I 2.Development of face II	GIT -submandibular and sublingual glands	Spinal Cord II Internal Features	Cranial Meninges Parotid region & 7th cranial nerve Hyoid bone Cervical vertebra & joints	Introduction of Metabolism, Glycolysis reactions, types , fates of Pyruvate,  Lactic acidosi,oxidative decarboxylation
WEEK 6	Pain and analgesia system, Insulin & its functions	Development of palate	GIT 1.Lip and oral cavity 2.Tongue and taste buds	Ascending tracts I	Deep cervical fascia Introduction to triangles of neck & superficial structures Anterior triangle of neck i Anterior triangle of neck ii	TCA Cycle, regulation & importance, gluconeogenesis
WEEK 7	Temperature sensation, Diabetes mellitus	1.Palatal defects I 2.Palatal defects II	GIT Oesophagus	Ascending tracts II	Posterior triangle of neck   Cervical plexus & 11th cranial nerve   Prevertebral region   Cervical sympathetic chain	Glycogen metabolism & its disorders.
WEEK 8	Classification of reflexes, Glucagon and its actions	Respiratory system I	1.Stomach I 2.Stomach II	Descending Tracts I	Temporal fossa   Infratemporal fossa: muscles of mastication, Maxillary artery   Infratemporal fossa: mandibular nerve, otic ganglion   Temporomandibular joint	HMP Pathway & Uronic acid Pathway & its disorders.
WEEK 9	Stretch reflex & its significance, synthesis & functions of Adrenocortical hormones	1.Respiratory system II 2.Clinicals	Small intestine II	Descending tracts II	Trigeminal nerve   Pterygopalatine fossa   Maxillary nerve   Nose and olfactory nerve	Metabolism of Fructose & galactose along its disorders. Regulation of blood sugar level
WEEK 10	Golgi tendon organ reflex, withdrawal reflex, Diseases related to adrenocortical hormones	Development of Nervous system I	1.Small intestine II 2.Large intestine I	Clinicals of Spinal cord I	Para nasal air sinuses   Oral cavity &hard palate   Soft palate   Tongue and 12th cranial nerve	Introduction of Insulin & glucagon & Diabetes Mellitus
WEEK 11	Descending spinal tracts, Parathyroid hormone & calcium regulation	1.Development of Nervous system II 2.Clinicals	Large intestine II	Clinicals of spinal cord II	Pharynx & 9th cranial nerve   Larynx i Larynx ii & 10th cranial nerve   Eyelid and lacrimal apparatus	De novo synthesis of fatty acids. Elongation of fatty acid, synthesis of polyunsaturated fats. Synthesis and storage of TG in body.
WEEK 12	Term test 1					TERM TEST 1
WEEK 13	Upper & lower motor neuron lesions, Fluid compartments & their abnormalities	Development of eye	1.Liver I 2.Liver II	Brainstem I Medulla oblongata I	Extra ocular muscles of eye   Coats of eyeball and 2nd 3rd and 4th cranial nerves   Vasculature and nerves of orbit   External ear & middle ear	Oxidation of fatty acids (all types) ketone bodies synthesis & utilization.
WEEK 14	Lesions of spinal cord, Starling forces and edema	1.Development of ear 2.Clinicals	Gall bladder	Brainstem I Medulla oblongata II	Internal ear & 8th cranial nerve   Surface marking and radiology	Cholesterol metabolism, Biosynthesis and fate of bile salts. Plasma lipoproteins
WEEK 15	Motor cortex, Glomerular filtration	Development of CVS I	1.Urinary system –Kidney I 2.Urinary system –Kidney II	Brainstem II Pons I	Brain, Introduction of CNS  Cerebrum, Sulci, Gyri Lobes of Brain Meninges	Metabolism of Phospholipid & their disorders. Fatty liver.
WEEK 16	Cerebellum: functions & dysfunction, Tubular reabsorption	1.Development of CVS II 2.Development of CVS III	Urinary system-Urinary bladder and ureter, urethra	Brainstem II Pons II	Cortical Areas i  Cortical Areas ii Interpeduncular fossa Topography of spinal cord	Protein turnover in human body; nitrogen balance, Inter-organ amino acid exchange in normal post-absorptive state
WEEK 17	Basal ganglia: functions & dysfunction, Micturition reflex & its abnormalities	Development of CVS IV	1.Male GS Testis I 2.Testis II	Brainstem III Midbrain I	Topography of medulla,  Topography of pons, Topography of mid brain, Blood supply and clinical of brain stem	Degradation of amino acids, removal of nitrogen from amino acids by transamination and deamination, sources of ammonia in body, transport of ammonia, ammonia toxicity
WEEK 18	Speech & its abnormalities, Formation of dilute & concentrated urine	1.Development of CVS V 2. Development of Arterial system	Epididymis	Brainstem III Midbrain II	Topography of Cerebellum, Lobes of cerebellum, Blood supply, Clinical of cerebellum	Fate of ammonia in body, reactions and regulation of the urea cycle along with metabolic disorders of the urea cycle.
WEEK 19	Sleep physiology, Regulation of ECF osmolarity & sodium concentration, diuretics	Development of Art. Sys. II	1.Ductus deferens 2. Seminal vesicles	4th ventricle	Limbic system, Reticular formation, Basal ganglia, Clinical	An overview of amphibolic intermediates formed from the carbon skeleton of amino acids. Concept of glucogenic and ketogenic amino acids metabolism of individual Amino acids ,( Glycine )
WEEK 20	Epilepsy and EEG, Regulation of acid-base balance	1.Development of Venous system 2.Development of GIT Foregut	Prostate	Cerebellum I	Thalamus , Hypothalamus, Third & lateral ventricles, Radiology and spotting	Metabolism of  Pheylalanaine ,Tyrosine ,Tryptophan, Methionine with disorders.  Synthesis of special Products like creatine & catecholamine
WEEK 21	Memory, CSF & hydrocephalus, Acid-base disorders	Development of liver, gallbladder and pancreas	Female RS 1.Ovaries 2.Fallopian tubes	Cerebellum II	Anterior  abdominal wall I, Anterior abdominal wall ii. Rectus sheath, Neurovasculature of anterior abdominal wall	De novo synthesis o Purine & Pyrimidine ,salvage pathways degradation of Purine & Pyrimidine.
WEEK 22	Limbic system, thalamus, Pathophysiology of acute renal failure	1.Development of midgut I 2.Development of midgut II	Uterus I	Clinicals of cerebellum	Inguinal canal, Spermatic cord, scrotum and testes, Inguinal hernias	Disorders associated  with Purine nucleotide. Natural & synthetic derivatives of  Purine & Pyrimidine  & role in health & diseases.
WEEK 23	Hypothalamus, control of posture & equilibrium, Pathophysiology of chronic renal failure, dialysis	Development of hindgut	1.Uterus II 2. Cervix and vagina	Tutorial	Peritoneum i, Peritoneum ii, Peritoneum iii, Stomach & celiac trunk	Replication of DNA :Reactions of DNA replication in eukaryotes and prokaryotes, Types of damage to DNA and DNA repair. Mutations.
WEEK 24	Term test 2					TERM TEST 2
WEEK 25	Physiology of vision: refraction, accommodation, phototransduction, ANS physiology	1.Development of Urogenital system I 2.Clinicals	Special senses -Eye I Cornea	Diencephalon Thalamus	Liver, Extrahepatic biliary apparatus, Pancreas, Spleen & clinicals	Transcription steps, Post-transcriptional modifications, RNA Reverse transcription in retroviruses and its relation to cancers and AIDS, Translation (protein synthesis): The genetic code; components required for protein synthesis, composition of eukaryotic and prokaryotic ribosomes.
WEEK 26	Physiology of vision: neurophysiology, color vision, Control of GIT functions: nervous and hormonal	Development of Urinary bladder and Urethra	1.Eye II 2.Eye III	Hypothalamus	Duodenum & recesses, Jejunum & ileum, Ceacum &appendix, Colon & blood supply	Post-translational modifications of polypeptide chains; protein targeting, Regulation of gene expression. Molecular biology techniques.
WEEK 27	Mastication & swallowing, Physiology of hearing	1.Development of gonads 2. Clinicals	Ear I	3rd ventricle And lateral ventricle	Portal vein & Portocaval anastomosis, Posterior abdominal wall i, Posterior abdominal  wall ii, Clinicals posterior abdominal wall	Oncogenes and their role in carcinogenesis, mechanisms of activation of proto-oncogenes; tumour suppressor genes and oncogenic viruses.  Genetic basis of disease, Important tumor markers and their clinical significance
WEEK 28	Motor functions of stomach, Chemical senses: smell & taste	Development of male genital ducts	1.Ear II 2.Ear III	Cerebrum I	Kidneys, Ureters and supra renal glnads, Vassels and nerves & clinicals of kidney and suprarenal glands	Over view on Endocrine glands. ,classification of hormone on the basis of mechanism of action. ,hormones of ant & Pituitary glands. Growth hormone  synthesis secretion mechanism  & biochemical roe with disorders. Prolactin mechanism of action & role.
WEEK 29	Movements of intestines, Defecation reflex, Vestibular apparatus	1.Development of female genital ducts 2.Development of male external genitalia	Revision	Cerebrum II	Bony pelvis I, Bony pelvis ii, Pelvic floor I, Pelvic floor ii	hormones of Post Pituitary gland (ADH & Oxytocine ). chemistry, mechanism of action their  roles and disorders.
WEEK 30	Secretion of saliva, Gastric secretion Menstrual cycle & its regulation	Development of female external genitalia	Tutorial	Basal nuclei	Pelvic peritoneum & fascia, Vasculature, Nerves and lymph nodes of pelvis, Urinary bladder, Rectum	TSH & Thyroid hormone synthesis, storage, release, mechanism of action , role & disorders, Parathyroid hormone, Calcitonin.
WEEK 31	Pancreatic secretion & bile, Physiology of puberty & menopause	1.Clinical correlates I 2.Clinical correlates II	Revision	Reticular formation Limbic system ANS	Male reproductive organs, Prostate, Female reproductive organs( ovary) & (uterine tube), Uterus & Lymphatic drainage of pelvic viscera	Hormones of adrenal cortex & medulla, Male & Female gonadal hormones.
WEEK 32	Disorders of swallowing, Disorders of stomach, Physiology of male reproduction	Revision	Tutorial	Blood  supply of CNS & Meninges and CSF circulation	Fascia & pouches of urogenital triangle, Male urogenital triangle, Female urogenital triangle, Anal canal & Ischiorectal fossa	Defination & classes of xenobiotics Role of Cytochrome P450 in Phase 1 reactions. Phase 2 metabolism  of  xenobiotics & their subtypes of reactions.
WEEK 33	General disorders of GIT, Male & female infertility	Revision	Revision	Tutorial	Radiology & surface marking	Fed Fast Cycle & starvation.Basic concept of intermediary metabolism An overview of regulation and integration of various mrtabolic pathways (role of liver,heart,brain, skeletal muscle and adipose tissue
WEEK 34	Disorders of intestines, Physiology of Pregnancy, placenta	Revision	Tutorial	Tutorial	Spotting	Water & electrolyte balance & acid base  regulation.
WEEK 35	Parturition & lactation Neonatal physiology, Contraception	Revision	Revision	Revision	Spotting	Revision
WEEK 36	Revision	Revision	Revision	Revision	Revision	Revision.